Advanced Emergency Medical Technician (AEMT) Practice Test

What type of shock is characterized by infection and subsequent vasodilation?

1. Hypovolemic shock

2. Cardiogenic shock

3. Obstructive shock

4. Distributive shock

The correct answer is: Distributive shock

Distributive shock is characterized by infection leading to systemic vasodilation. In this type of shock, there is a significant loss of vascular tone, resulting in an inadequate distribution of blood flow despite an adequate blood volume. The presence of infection typically triggers an inflammatory response, which releases various chemicals that cause blood vessels to widen (vasodilation). This dilation results in decreased peripheral resistance and can lead to reduced blood pressure, ultimately compromising tissue perfusion. Contrasting types of shock highlight different mechanisms: - Hypovolemic shock is primarily due to a significant loss of blood volume, often from hemorrhage or severe dehydration, leading to inadequate circulation. - Cardiogenic shock occurs when the heart fails to pump effectively, leading to decreased cardiac output and insufficient perfusion, often due to myocardial infarction or heart failure. - Obstructive shock arises from physical obstruction of blood flow, such as in cases of tension pneumothorax or cardiac tamponade, impacting the heart's ability to fill or eject blood. Understanding the distinct characteristics of these shock types helps in identifying the underlying causes and implementing appropriate treatment strategies in emergency situations.